Is the "qareen" from among the jinn present in Islam?

Yes, there is what is called the Qareen (companion), which is a devil assigned to every human being to push them towards evil and disobedience, with the exception of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, whose Qareen submitted and would only enjoin him to good.

On the Day of Resurrection, the Qareen will disavow the disbelieving person, asserting that he did not mislead him, but rather the disbeliever was in profound error, and that the Qareen had no power to mislead him except through incitement.

The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, warned against the whisperings and seductions of the Qareen, informed us of its existence so that we may be cautious of it, and commanded that anyone who passes in front of a praying person should be fought, because the Qareen is with them.