Why is a good person who does not believe in God punished, despite their righteous deeds?

Man is a created being, and Allah is the Creator, who alone deserves worship, obedience, fear, hope, and love. Whoever denies the Creator, or is too arrogant to worship Him, or associates partners with Him, is a disbeliever deserving of the severest punishments. Denying the Creator or associating partners with Him is the greatest human sin, and any good deed performed by a disbeliever is of no value. An atheist who performs good deeds will not benefit from them, because the greatest of rights is the right of Allah, and whoever disregards it will not benefit from fulfilling the rights of people. An atheist may be rewarded for his good deeds with provision in this world, but he will have no share in the Hereafter.