Is the inheritance to be distributed to a brother whose father disowned him before his death, and will the father be punished if he deprives this son of the inheritance?

Adoption is forbidden in Islam due to the corrupting effects it entails concerning محرمية (forbidden degrees of kinship for marriage) and inheritance. This is based on Allah's saying: (Nor has He made your adopted sons your [real] sons. That is [merely] your saying by your mouths, but Allah says the truth, and He guides to the [right] way. Call them by [the names of] their fathers; it is more just in the sight of Allah. But if you do not know their fathers, then they are your brothers in religion and your protectors.) Whoever is proven to be an adopted son has no right to inheritance, due to the absence of the legal cause necessitating inheritance. It is, however, recommended to bequeath to him something within the limit of one-third [of the estate], or that he be given from the heirs' share.