Will the one who repented from sins that he caused his peers to commit be absolved if he asked them to abandon those sins and erase their traces from their lives, but some of them denied it, and some agreed while denying that they were sins, and some did not respond?

If a person repents sincerely from their sin, they do not bear the burdens of others, even if the اثر (trace/effect) of their sin remains. They should advise those who still listen to music and explain its prohibition. They are not harmed by others' lack of response. They are not responsible for guiding people, but rather for conveying the message, enjoining good, and forbidding evil. Let them abandon waswas (whispers/obsessive thoughts), for Allah does not burden a soul beyond its capacity, and repentance erases what came before it.