Is taking religious books based on registering a fictitious profession on one's ID card considered deception, and is it obligatory to return these books or donate them if returning them is not possible?

What you did by forging to obtain the visa and deceiving and cheating to get the books is forbidden (haram). You are obligated to inform the granting authority about this. If they ask you to return the books, you must do so. If they permit you to benefit from them, there is no harm.