Is there a concept of "Fiqh of Priorities" in Islam, which means that some good deeds are better than others, and some bad deeds are less severe than others?

In Islam, there are priorities; some deeds are more emphasized than others, such as the pillars of Islam, and some are more beloved to Allah than others, such as prayer performed on time. Some expenditures carry a greater reward than others, such as spending on oneself and one's family, and some matters to which one is invited take precedence over others. Moreover, some prohibitions are graver than others. Jurisprudence regarding these matters is essential for prioritizing what is more important when there is a conflict or for committing the lesser of two harms.