How are the truncated (qasr) and combined (jamʿ) prayers performed for Dhuhr and ʿAsr, and Maghrib and ʿIshāʾ, and what is the ruling on reciting the greetings (at-taḥiyyāt) between the rakʿahs in this situation?

The four-rak'ah prayers are shortened during travel to two rak'ahs with a complete tashahhud and salam. When combining Dhuhr and Asr, whether in advance (taqdeem) or delayed (ta'kheer), each prayer is performed as two rak'ahs with a tashahhud and salam. As for the Maghrib prayer, it is never shortened and is prayed as three rak'ahs with two tashahhuds. It is permissible to combine prayers during travel or due to an excuse such as illness or rain, but without shortening them, so they are prayed as four rak'ahs. If the area is at a shortening distance (approximately 83 km), it is permissible to shorten and combine prayers. If you arrive in your country before the time for Asr begins, you pray Dhuhr and Asr, each as four rak'ahs, at their respective times. However, if you arrive after the time for Asr has begun, you combine them: Dhuhr as four, then Asr as four, and you do not shorten them because you have become a resident.