Is expiation incumbent upon someone who takes a legal oath to invite a person to eat food, such as saying, "By Allah the Almighty, you must eat, so-and-so"?
Expiation is incumbent upon someone who breaks a binding oath. If a person swears an oath upon another to eat, and the latter does not, then if the one who swore the oath intended to compel him to eat, expiation is incumbent upon him. However, if he intended to honor him, the more correct view is that expiation is not incumbent, because the honor has been bestowed, and no breaking of the oath has occurred. This is what Sheikh Al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah calls "specification by intention."
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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