If the Prophet (peace be upon him) did not know about the twelve caliphs, and did not mention their names, then what is the benefit of mentioning their number without their names? And is it conceivable that he would leave his Ummah in bewilderment and confusion after him, especially since there are books by Ahl al-Sunnah that mention their names, such as "Yanabi' al-Mawaddah" by Al-Qunduzi Al-Hanafi?
Allah Almighty stated in His Book that He has perfected the religion and completed His favor. The ambiguity in some texts, such as the ambiguity of the hour of acceptance (on Friday) and the day of Friday itself, does not contradict the perfection of the Sharia. Scholars have striven to identify the twelve imams based on their attributes as caliphs and rulers from Quraysh, and these two attributes are found only in Ali and his son Al-Hasan, may Allah be pleased with them. Furthermore, the narrations in the Sahihayn and other books do not state that the number of imams is limited to twelve imams until the Day of Judgment. Rather, they clarify that the religion will be manifest after the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, through twelve imams, all of whom are from Quraysh, and this has indeed come to pass. The names of these imams are not specified in the relied-upon books of Sunnah. It is not appropriate for a Muslim who is not well-grounded in religious knowledge to examine books of misguidance or to argue with their proponents.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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