Is it obligatory to re-perform prayers from the previous five years due to not verbalizing the intention, omitting the Abrahamic prayer, and omitting the Qunoot supplication in the Fajr prayer?
The place of intention (niyyah) is the heart, and uttering it verbally is not sunnah, but the prayer is valid if one utters it. Scholars differ regarding the ruling on sending blessings upon the Prophet (peace be upon him) in the final tashahhud: the Shafi'is and Hanbalis consider it obligatory, citing the hadith of Ka'b ibn Ujrah as their evidence. The minimum obligatory form according to them is: "Allahumma salli 'ala Muhammad" (O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad). Whereas the Hanafis and Malikis consider it to be recommended (mustahabb). Scholars also differ regarding the ruling on the Qunut in the Fajr prayer: the Shafi'is and Malikis consider it recommended, while Ahmad and Abu Hanifa do not consider it sunnah. As for the sufficient verbalization of remembrances (adhkar) like the Qunut, it is for a person to hear himself, or merely moving the tongue and lips suffices. For one who does not hear himself, his prayer is valid.
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