Is an agreement between two partners valid where one provides money, land, and all necessities, while the other provides only effort, and profit and loss are shared equally between them? And does the working partner have the right to compensation for losses incurred?

The owner is not entitled to burden the worker with a share of what he spent on cultivating the land. If the owner stipulates that the worker bears a portion of the financial loss, the contract is invalid, and the owner must pay the worker the wage of the like (اجرة المثل) for his work. The compensation received from the state belongs solely to the owner.