Were all the Sunnah and Hadith of the Messenger (peace be upon him) revealed by God and approved by Him, especially since the Prophet (peace be upon him) used to exercise ijtihad, and would be correct at times and mistaken at others, if there was no divine text?
The fundamental principle is that the of the Prophet (peace be upon him) is a divine revelation, and everything the Prophet (peace be upon him) decreed was based on his understanding of the Qur'an. The Sunnah descends upon him through revelation just as the Qur'an does, except that it is not recited in prayer as the Qur'an is. The authority of the Sunnah is not diminished by the possibility of error in his (peace be upon him) (independent reasoning), because Allah does not let him persist in error; rather, He clarifies the correct path for him. A in which there is no room for ijtihad is a direct revelation from Allah Almighty, such as the hadith narrated by Anas concerning the water of a man and a woman.
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