What is the method for combining and shortening prayers while traveling? Is it permissible to combine and shorten prayers during a temporary stay for travel? Is it permissible to combine prayers due to rain that does not cause harm?

It is legislated to combine prayers (Jam') due to travel, rain, or illness. As for shortening prayers (Qasr), it is exclusive to the four-rak'ah prayers (Dhuhr, Asr, Isha), which are prayed as two rak'ahs, while Maghrib and Fajr are not shortened. If the stay in Riyadh is only three days, the worshiper is considered a traveler and is permitted to combine and shorten prayers. Travel is discontinued with the intention of staying four full days or more. As for combining prayers due to rain, it is legislated if the rain causes harm, such as soaking clothes and causing hardship. However, if the rain is light and does not soak clothes, then combining prayers is not permissible.