Is it permissible to shorten and combine prayers during a vacation when there is ample time and the mosque is near, and when is it permissible to shorten and combine prayers, supported by evidence from the Qur’an and Sunnah?

It is permissible to shorten the four-rak'ah prayers (Qasr) and combine the common prayers for a traveler on a lawful journey exceeding 83 kilometers, provided that the country is not his homeland, he does not have a wife with whom he has consummated marriage there, and he does not intend to stay for four days or more. The ruling of the traveler continues even if the mosque is close, unless shortening the prayer results in performing it alone while a congregation is present. In that case, he should pray with the congregation and not shorten the prayer, because praying with the congregation is obligatory, while shortening the prayer is a Sunnah. The evidence for its permissibility is what was narrated in Sahih Muslim from the Hadith of Mu'adh that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, used to combine the Dhuhr and Asr prayers, and the Maghrib and Isha prayers during the Battle of Tabuk.