Is expending worship to other than Allah considered polytheism if a person recites the prescribed ذكر (formulas of remembrance) or surahs a specific number of times with the intention of summoning the servants of these surahs to serve him?

The belief that surahs have servants (khuddam) is a belief of charlatans and has no basis in Islamic law. It is a means of deception and fraud to take people's money, as charlatans claim that there are names that serve surahs, verses, or the names of Allah. They use various methods in writing surahs and verses to claim their specificity. These are satanic practices and superstitions that have no basis in the Sunnah or the Quran, and have not been narrated from religious scholars.

Consequently, seeking assistance from jinn is forbidden, and reciting specific surahs with the intention of summoning and using jinn is a forbidden act. If, in addition to that, the intention is to draw closer to the jinn through any form of worship, then that is polytheism (shirk).