What are the rights of children over their parents, and is it permissible to resort to the judiciary in cases of parental mistreatment and incitement by the mother, knowing that the son started smoking due to these problems?

You must be dutiful and kind to your parents, even if they are harsh or unjust, for God's pleasure lies in their pleasure, and their right is great. Beware of suing your father in court, as this is an act of undutifulness and a grave sin. You can involve some close relatives to mediate reconciliation between you. Strive to be a good companion to them and endear yourself to them. Take the initiative to change your approach in dealing with them, as this will affect them. Seek help from Allah Almighty and ask Him to mend the relationship. We also remind you of the prohibition of smoking and the necessity of repenting from it.