What is the difference between Jews and Christians in terms of the linguistic meaning and the belief, and what did Allah send to each group of them?

The difference between Jews and Christians in nomenclature: Christians were named either after the town of Nazareth or because they supported Christ, while Jews were named either after "Judah" or because of their repentance from worshipping the calf.

As for belief, they both share disbelief in the prophethood of Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him. Moses, peace be upon him, was sent to the Jews with the Torah, and Jesus, peace be upon him, was sent to the Christians with the Gospel. What they possess of the Torah and the Gospel is distorted, and this distortion has affected the concept of the Trinity, the glad tidings of our Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, and slandering the essence of God and the prophets. A Muslim believes that what they have is false, and that Islam is the only religion acceptable to Allah. Whoever validates their creed or doubts their disbelief is an unbeliever.