How can a woman ensure purity after menstruation if the signs of purity, such as dryness or the white discharge, are not clear? And is it permissible for her to wait a full day after the bleeding stops to perform ghusl and make up the prayers of that day?

A woman knows she has become pure by one of two signs: complete dryness or the emission of the white discharge (al-Qassah al-Bayda’). Complete dryness is ascertained by wiping the vulva with a tissue and it comes out clean. As for the white discharge, it is a white fluid expelled by the uterus when menstruation ceases. If it appears, then any yellowish or brownish discharge thereafter is not considered menstruation. However, if any of these discharges appear continuously with menstrual blood before purity is ascertained, then it is considered menstruation. It is not permissible for a woman to delay performing ghusl after seeing the usual sign of purity; rather, she must hasten to perform ghusl and pray, unless there is doubt regarding the timing of her usual period. In such a case, she may wait to confirm, and she must make up the prayers she missed if it becomes clear to her that purity occurred from the moment the bleeding ceased.