What is the ruling of Islamic law concerning prayer and fasting in light of daylight saving time, such that they are performed before or after the Adhan, and is it permissible for a fasting person to break their fast before sunset, and how should ordinary people who rely on the Adhan pray?

One must rely on what is decided by the specialized Sharia committees regarding the times of prayer and fasting, because the default assumption is that their decisions are sound and valid. Prayer is not valid before its time begins, and it is not permissible to break the fast before sunset, nor to consume things that invalidate the fast after the true dawn becomes clear, as Allah says: {And eat and drink until the white thread of dawn becomes distinct to you from the black thread [of night]. Then complete the fast until the night [begins]} [Al-Baqarah: 187], and as the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "When the night approaches from this side, and the day departs from this side, and the sun sets, then the fasting person has broken his fast." It is permissible for the general public to follow the just muezzin who is knowledgeable of the time, without needing to search for signs of the time, because the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "The muezzin is trustworthy."