How can one make up the prayers missed due to continuous bleeding, which intermingled with the menstrual period, and the questioner was unable to differentiate between menstrual blood and other blood?
If a woman knows the days of her period before an illness, she considers the duration of her customary period as menstruation, and anything beyond that is considered istihadah (non-menstrual vaginal bleeding). For istihadah, she performs ghusl and wudu for each prayer and observes fasting. If the period of purity (more than fifteen days) has passed, she reverts to being a menstruating woman for the duration of her usual menstrual days.
If she does not have a regular period, she should differentiate: if the blood has the characteristics of menstrual blood, then it is menstruation; otherwise, it is istihadah. It is stipulated that the menstruation period should not exceed fifteen days according to the majority of jurists, and the purity period should not be less than fifteen days. If the woman does not have a customary period and cannot differentiate, she should act according to the custom of most women in her community. She must make up for any prayers and fasts she missed during her period of purity.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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