What is the ruling on standing by the grave after burial and supplicating for the deceased?
Supplicating for the deceased after burial is a Sunnah, as narrated by 'Uthman ibn 'Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) that when the Prophet (peace be upon him) finished burying the deceased, he would stand over the grave and say: "Seek forgiveness for your brother, and ask for steadfastness for him, for indeed he is now being questioned." This Hadith was authenticated by Al-Albani. Al-Shawkani said: "In this, there is the permissibility of seeking forgiveness for the deceased upon finishing his burial, and asking for steadfastness for him, because he is being questioned at that time." The majority of jurists have agreed upon its permissibility, and the Fiqh Encyclopedia explicitly stated that "seeking forgiveness is a verbal act of worship that is permissible to perform for the deceased... and after burial, it is recommended for a group to stand and seek forgiveness for the deceased, because at that time he is being questioned by Munkar and Nakir."
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