What is the ruling on disagreeing with the Four Imams regarding what they have agreed upon?
It is important to note the difference between scholarly consensus (Ijma') and the opinion of the Four Imams. Ijma' is the agreement of all mujtahid scholars (those capable of independent juristic reasoning) from the Ummah of Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, after his passing, in any era, on a religious matter. It is a decisive proof that cannot be contradicted. As for what the Four Imams agreed upon, it represents the opinion of the majority of jurists and is not a binding Ijma'. They did not obligate others to imitate them and called for adopting the truth wherever it is found. Although the opinion of the majority of jurists is often closer to the truth, it is not a proof if evidence appears to the contrary.
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