How many rak'ahs is the Friday Prayer, and is it obligatory or Sunnah, and does it have any pre- or post-prayer Sunnahs, and what must be done in this prayer?

The Jumu'ah prayer consists of two rak'ahs according to the consensus of the people of knowledge. It is obligatory upon every free, sane, adult, resident Muslim who has no valid excuse, based on the words of Allah Almighty: "O you who have believed, when [the adhan] is called for the prayer on the day of Jumu'ah, then proceed to the remembrance of Allah."