What is the patient's intention when going to the doctor in the hospital, what is their role in the healing process, and are they entitled to determine or change the type of treatment?
The statements of the jurists regarding nullifiers of the fast have no relation to the intention of the patient or the doctor. Nullifiers are either explicitly mentioned in the or analogous to those mentioned, such as eating and drinking, nourishing injections and intravenous fluids, blood transfusions, and kidney dialysis. The resolution of the Islamic Fiqh Academy has specified what nullifies the fast and what does not, confirming that nourishing intravenous injections invalidate the fast.
As for a worker affected by heat, it is not permissible for him to break his fast unless the hardship reaches a level of perishing or illness. He must intend to fast from the night. If he experiences extreme difficulty, he may break his fast and refrain from eating for the rest of his day, and make up for it later. Saline or glucose solutions do not benefit him because they break the fast.
Regarding intention, if someone travels with the purpose of breaking the fast, both the travel and the breaking of the fast are prohibited for him.
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