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The question

ما المقصود بالأحمر والأسود في بيعة العقبة الثانية التي بايع فيها المسلمون النبي على محاربتهم؟

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Source: FtawySummarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 20261 min readAlso available in العربية
The answer

What has been mentioned about the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, being pledged allegiance to in the Second Pledge of Aqabah to fight against the black and the red, has not been authentically reported in the books of Sirah (Prophetic biography). Rather, the pledge was that they would protect him as they would protect their women and children, meaning they would protect him from anyone who intended him harm, regardless of their color or race.

Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026

Read the full answer on Ftawy