What is the ruling on working with non-Muslim partners who took an interest-based loan from a bank to cover their share, given that withdrawal from the partnership is not permissible, and what is the ruling on money obtained from a non-Muslim person who borrowed this money from the bank?

There is no harm in a Muslim partnering with a non-believer in business, provided that the company's dealings are monitored to avoid prohibited transactions. There is no sin upon the Muslim if their non-Muslim partners obtained their money from usurious loans, as the sin lies solely with the borrower. It is preferable for a Muslim not to partner except with Muslims who possess permissible wealth.