Is the mother required to pay her debt to the dentist after discovering medical errors in the dental fillings?
The physician guarantees if his hand errs, even if he is skillful. There is no sin upon him then if he is skillful. But if he is not skillful, he sins and guarantees. The issue must be presented to two trustworthy physicians to determine the extent of the female physician's error and the resulting damage to the tooth. Accordingly, she guarantees what she damaged, or she bears the cost of treating what she spoiled. If the tooth is completely removed by mistake, there are five camels as compensation. If its root is damaged but it is not removed, there is a fair compensation (hukumat adl) to be estimated by experts. The female physician is not entitled to payment if she did not treat the tooth but rather spoiled it, and she must bear the expenses of removing the damage, based on the Prophet's (peace be upon him) saying: "There should be no harm nor reciprocating harm." Matters of disputes require hearing both parties and ascertaining the truth of the matter. Therefore, the issue should be presented to the people of knowledge in the questioner's country after obtaining the report from the two physicians.
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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