Is it permissible to purchase government bonds designated for economic development for a period of five years, and what is the permissible form for this?

Bonds are instruments that include a commitment from their issuer to their holder to repay a fixed amount on a specific date in exchange for interest due to a loan. The reality of a bond is an interest-bearing loan, and it represents a debt on the issuer, entitling its owner to annual interest. Therefore, it is purely a usurious transaction. Accordingly, issuing these bonds is an illegitimate act, and consequently, trading them through buying and selling is not permissible by Sharia.