Are the aforementioned supplications authentic, and how can one learn to supplicate? Is laziness forbidden in Islam, and how can one overcome it?

A Muslim may choose any supplications that suit their situation, as long as they do not include injustice or aggression, although it is preferable to adhere to the Prophetic supplications. The supplication mentioned in the question was not reported from the Prophet (peace be upon him) nor from the Companions. Al-Qalyubi mentioned it as an ijtihad (independent reasoning). It is permissible to supplicate with it on condition that one does not believe in its sunnah status, and does not adhere to it as a regular sunnah. Some phrases in the supplication, such as "O Allah, benefit me with what You have taught me...", are correct. As for "O Allah, I ask You for the understanding of the Prophets and the memorization of the Messengers," it might be considered an aggression in supplication if one intends to reach the rank of the Prophets, or it might be permissible if it means asking for correct understanding and memorization like that of the Prophets. It is better to adhere to the Prophetic supplications, such as "O Allah, there is no ease except what You make easy" and "O Allah, I ask You for steadfastness in the matter." To overcome laziness, it is recommended to ask Allah for help and seek refuge in Him from incapacity and laziness, to constantly engage in remembrance of Allah and maintain purity, to have sincere intention, to read the biographies of great figures, and to have Taqwa (piety) towards Allah the Almighty.