What is the ruling on one who denies a fundamental principle of faith, with mention of the evidence?
Whoever denies a fundamental principle of faith is a disbeliever and misguided, based on the Almighty's saying: (O you who have believed, believe in Allah and His Messenger and the Book that He sent down to His Messenger and the Book that He sent down before. And whoever disbelieves in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, and the Last Day has certainly gone astray in extreme error.) and His saying: (Indeed, those who disbelieve in Allah and His messengers and wish to discriminate between Allah and His messengers and say, "We believe in some and disbelieve in others," and wish to adopt a way in between – those are the disbelievers, truly.) In the Hadith of Gabriel, faith is defined as: "To believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in divine decree (Al-Qadar), both its good and its bad." A person does not truly believe until he believes in divine decree, both its good and its bad. If a person were to spend gold equal to Mount Uhud in the way of Allah, Allah would not accept it from him until he believes in divine decree and knows that what befell him was not meant to miss him, and what missed him was not meant to befall him.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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