Are the allies of a people like their freedmen in the prohibition of eating obligatory charity? And is it permissible for Hashemites and their freedmen to take charity today due to the absence of the Khums (one-fifth tax)?
The mawla (freed slave) of a Hashemite, for whom sadaqa (charity) is forbidden, is someone freed by a Hashemite, as they are considered to be attached to the Prophet's kin (dhawu al-qurba). This is supported by the : "Indeed, the mawali of a people are from them." As for an ally (halif) of a Hashemite, they are not prohibited from receiving sadaqa, because they are not among the Prophet's kin.
Most scholars have permitted giving (obligatory charity) to their mawali, while the Hanbalis have prohibited it, citing the hadith of Abu Rafi': "Indeed, sadaqa is not permissible for us, and the mawali of a people are from them."
As for allies, they are given from zakat like other people. Sadaqa is not permissible for a Hashemite nor for their mawla, whether it comes from a Hashemite or someone else.
If they are denied their share of the khums (one-fifth of spoils/income) or if khums is unavailable, some scholars have permitted them to take sadaqa, and this is the choice of Ibn Taymiyyah.
According to the majority of scholars, it is permissible for Hashemites to take voluntary charity (sadaqat al-tatawwu'), bequests, and waqfs (endowments), because what is prohibited for them is obligatory charity (sadaqat al-fard).
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