What is the ruling on working from home or from any location outside the company's premises on days when attendance is required, given that the nature of the work is not affected, the direct manager does not object, and the common practice within the company allows for it, despite differing from the company's official policy?

The employee is considered a special hire who is entitled to wages by making himself available for the agreed-upon period, even if he does not work. This is based on the statement of the Hanafi scholar Al-Zayla'i: "A special hire is entitled to wages by making himself available during the period, even if he does not work." As long as the company's policy dictates working some days from home and some from the office, this must be fulfilled, according to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him: "Muslims are bound by their conditions." Deviating from this is not permissible except with the approval of the company owner or his representative. Working according to what is internally customary within the company is permissible if the company owner is aware of it and approves of it; otherwise, it is not.