What is the ruling on the zakat of a debt that has been outstanding for a year, but the debtor is unable to repay his debt, and is it permissible to change the date of paying zakat?
The on salary is explained in No. 32068. As for the debt you lent to someone, you should pay zakat on it. Your difficulty in collecting it does not prevent this, unless the debtor is in straitened circumstances or procrastinating. In such a case, there is no zakat on this debt until you collect it. Once you collect it, pay zakat on it for one year, as explained in Fatwa No. 41379. There is no additional virtue in paying zakat in ; rather, the virtue in Ramadan lies in non-obligatory spending. You can pay zakat at the beginning of the Ramadan you encounter, even if a full year has not passed since your last zakat payment, in order to regulate the zakat year to be in every Ramadan. There is no harm in paying zakat in advance. However, delaying the zakat from its due time until the next Ramadan is not permissible.
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