What is the ruling on drinking carbonated beverages such as Coca-Cola and Pepsi, which contain a small percentage of alcohol (0.1%), and what is meant by "that which intoxicates in large quantities, a small quantity of it is unlawful"?

The basic ruling for the aforementioned beverages is permissibility. Nothing is forbidden among them unless it is scientifically proven by reliable laboratories that it contains intoxicants. If that is established, then it is not permissible to consume it, even if the alcohol content is small, due to the Prophet's (peace be upon him) saying: "Whatever intoxicates in large quantities, a small quantity of it is unlawful." If the intoxicating substance transforms into another substance before being added to the beverage, its consumption is not prohibited. The meaning of the hadith is that whatever causes intoxication in large quantities, both its large and small quantities are unlawful, even if the small quantity does not actually intoxicate, because the cause of the prohibition is the presence of intoxication. As for that which contains no intoxicants at all, both its large and small quantities are permissible.