What is the amount of expiation for swearing by God in dinars, and what is the ruling on one who swears by the Qur’an?
Oaths are of different types: the al-ghamūs (perjurious oath), which is a deliberate false oath about a past event. It is considered one of the major sins that plunges its maker into the Fire, and it is atoned for only through repentance, remorse, and seeking forgiveness.
The yamin al-laghw (idle oath) is what slips from the tongue without intent of making an oath, and there is no expiation for it.
The yamin al-ma'qūdah (binding oath) is an oath taken to do something or to refrain from doing something in the future. If one breaks it, then an expiation is required: feeding ten poor persons, or clothing them, or freeing a slave. If one cannot find these, then fasting for three days. The original principle is that the expiation should not be valued in money but rather through feeding, clothing, or emancipation.
Swearing an oath on the (copy of the Qur’an) is permissible and further emphasizes the oath.
Summary from Ftawy's records · added here
Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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