Is it permissible to declare a specific individual from the Alawite sect to be a disbeliever (kafir), and what is the response to the statement that no specific individual who has manifested disbelief should be declared a disbeliever, on the pretext of the possibility that they might be concealing their Islam?

It is not permissible to declare a specific individual an infidel merely because of their affiliation with a sect holding an apostatizing innovation. Rather, the conditions must be met, the impediments absent, the proof established, and the ambiguity removed. General excommunication differs from judging a specific individual. Therefore, if the conditions are met for someone, the impediments are absent from them, the proof is established against them, and the ambiguity is refuted, then they are judged to be an infidel without hesitation. Ahl al-Sunnah (definition) wal-Jama’ah (the People of the Sunnah and the Community) neither take excommunication lightly nor absolutely prohibit it. So, whoever utters a statement, performs an action, holds a belief, or expresses a doubt that constitutes apostasy, thereby removing them from the fold of Islam, is judged as an apostate by a scholar or a judge after the conditions are met and the impediments are absent.