Is seeking forgiveness, glorifying God, and reciting the Quran with the heart, without moving the tongue, sufficient?
It is permissible to remember Allah (dhikr) by the heart alone, or by the tongue alone, but it is best to do so with both the heart and the tongue together.
Scholars have divided dhikr into three levels: the first is by both the heart and the tongue, the second is by the heart alone, and the third is by the tongue alone.
It is permissible to recite the Quran, remember Allah, and seek forgiveness by the heart without the tongue outside of prayer. However, in prayer, it is necessary to move the tongue and articulate the recitation.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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