Is the marriage considered void if the husband utters curses while angry, and what is the ruling on common phrases such as "حلّي عن ربي" (leave my Lord alone)? And in this case, is it necessary to renew the marriage contract and have witnesses to it?

Cursing religion or Allah is an act of disbelief (kufr) and apostasy from Islam, and one must repent from it. Anger is not an excuse unless it completely deprives the speaker of their consciousness.

If one cursed religion before the marriage contract (aqd), the contract is not valid until after repentance. If it occurred after the contract but before consummation (dukhūl), the marriage is annulled. If it happened after consummation, and the person repents before the end of the waiting period (iddah), the marital bond remains valid.

As for the mentioned phrases ("leave my Lord/religion/sky alone" or "you have driven me mad, my Lord/religion/sky"), they are reprehensible and a sign of ill manners with Allah. They may constitute disbelief depending on the intention of the speaker, and the most egregious among them is "you have driven me mad, my Lord" due to its audacity towards Allah. They must be avoided, for the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Indeed, a servant may utter a word that incurs the wrath of Allah, not thinking much of it, and it casts him into Hellfire."