What is God's punishment for someone who speaks with a married woman about general matters and then flirts with her due to his infatuation, and how can he rid himself of this affliction?

There is no legal evidence (from Islamic law) that specifies a particular punishment for someone who flirts with a married woman. However, this act opens a door to evil and assists Satan in tempting an individual towards indecency, just as Allah Almighty warned against following the footsteps of Satan.

Psychological pressures and marital problems do not justify these abhorrent actions. Recognizing their seriousness helps one to repent and return to Allah, with the necessity of sincere resolve in repentance and fulfilling its conditions.

It is recommended to frequently supplicate and ask Allah for piety and chastity, like the Prophet's (peace be upon him) supplication: "O Allah, I ask You for guidance, piety, chastity, and self-sufficiency," and "O Allah, grant my soul its piety and purify it, for You are the best of those who purify it; You are its Guardian and Master."

One should also be keen on the companionship of good people and filling one's time with what benefits one in religion and in worldly matters, for time is precious and should not be wasted on what incurs Allah's wrath.