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The question

What are the circumstances in which the prayer of the congregants is invalidated?

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Source: FtawySummary from Ftawy's records · added here Sep 2, 20261 min readAlso available in العربية
The answer

The prayer of the ma'mum (follower) is invalidated if he intentionally follows the imam (leader) in adding a pillar or a rak'ah (unit of prayer), or if he follows him in his forgetfulness concerning the obligatory acts of prayer, except for the recitation of Al-Fatihah according to the Shafi'i school. It is also invalidated if he precedes the imam in the takbirat al- (opening takbir) or the salam (salutation of peace). Furthermore, his prayer is void if he prays behind an imam who is in a state of ritual impurity (), or who is ritually unclean (mutanajjis), or a woman, or an khuntha mushkil (hermaphrodite with ambiguous gender), or a disbeliever. His prayer is also invalidated by following another ma'mum, or by lagging behind his imam by more than two pillars without a valid excuse.

Summary from Ftawy's records · added here

Reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.

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Ftawy
Original fatwa ID
65893
Added here
. This is when the answer was added to El Fatwa, not the fatwa's date.
Text
Summary from Ftawy's records, reviewed by El Fatwa's sharia committee.
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Read the full answer on Ftawy