Which is worse, bidʻah (innovation in religion) or fitnah (discord/persecution), with evidence?

Both innovation (bid‘ah) and tribulation (fitnah) are evil and a scourge. Of innovation, some is considered disbelief (kufr) and some is not. Tribulation can be disbelief or a sin. Accordingly, innovation might be more severe than tribulation if the innovation is considered disbelief and the tribulation is a sin. And tribulation might be more severe if it is disbelief and the innovation is not considered disbelief.