Is this method of worship—including its specific ذكر (dhikr) and numbers, recitation of certain surahs, in addition to throwing stones when Surat Al-Fil is recited—consistent with the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), or is it an innovation?

Allah created jinn and mankind to worship Him alone. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, clarified all that Allah loves of goodness and guidance. Therefore, it is obligatory to adhere to his way and follow his Sunnah, based on the Almighty's saying: "And whatever the Messenger has given you - take it; and what he has forbidden you - refrain from." and His saying: "There has certainly been for you in the Messenger of Allah an excellent pattern." Every innovated act of worship is rejected for its perpetrator and will not be accepted unless it is sincerely for Allah and in conformity with the Sunnah of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, as Fudayl ibn Iyadh said. Whoever invents an act of worship today has accused the Prophet of not having conveyed the religion completely. That is why Imam Malik said that whoever innovates a "good" innovation has claimed that Muhammad betrayed the message.

The Companions, the Successors, and the Imams warned against innovation. Not everyone who intends good will achieve it. Worship must be legislated in its origin, form, and manner. What is restricted by a number must not be exceeded, and what is unrestricted must not have a limit invented for it. Innovation is more beloved to Iblis than disobedience, because disobedience can be repented from, but innovation cannot. No one innovates an innovation except that he abandons a similar amount of the Sunnah.

Therefore, it is not permissible to participate with your parents in the mentioned innovated remembrances. Throwing stones in Surat Al-Fil is superstition and sorcery that should not be engaged in. Likewise, the belief that the Messenger was light has no basis, for Allah has informed us that he was a human being like us. The extremists among the Sufis claimed that he was the first creation of Allah and that creatures were created from his light, and this is falsehood and misguidance.