What is the extent of necessity that permits a woman to work, and does this include her striving for financial independence or her fear of the vicissitudes of time and losing her expertise?

It is not a condition for a woman to work that there be an extreme necessity; rather, she is permitted to work if she needs to earn money or gain experience, provided she adheres to the Sharia conditions and regulations.

The guardianship (Qawamah) of a man over a woman does not cease if the woman has her own income. Qawamah is a right for the man, established by Allah to protect the woman and society, as stated in the Almighty's words: (Men are guardians over women) and (And for men is a degree over them). A woman, whether with her father or her husband, remains under the guardianship of her male guardian. This is consistent with the nature of creation and the division of roles between men and women.