Is it permissible to say to a disbeliever, "O disbeliever"?
It is permissible to say to a disbeliever: "O disbeliever," as long as it does not lead to a greater harm, such as that disbeliever insulting a Muslim, or his religion, or his parents, or insulting Allah Almighty, and so forth. If it leads to such a harm, then saying that to him is forbidden to avert the harm.
Summarized from the full answer at Ftawy · reviewed Sep 2, 2026
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