Is a civil divorce in Canada sufficient, or must the wife also be divorced Islamically?
A divorce involves divorcing the wife with a single pronouncement during a period of purity (Tuhr) in which he has not had intercourse with her, or while she is pregnant. He then leaves her until her ' (waiting period) expires, at which point she becomes irrevocably divorced from him with a minor separation (baynunah sughra). He cannot take her back except with a new contract and a new mahr (dowry). Divorce requires verbal pronouncement or written documentation accompanied by the intention of divorce; it does not occur by mere intention. It is permissible to appoint an agent for divorce, and if the agent pronounces or writes the divorce, the divorce occurs.
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