What is the ruling on a marriage conducted over the phone in the presence of two witnesses (one of whom was on the phone) and without a guardian, taking into consideration the view of Abu Hanifa?

The preponderant view, in our opinion, is that marriage is not valid without a guardian (wali) for the woman. This is the madhhab (definition) of the majority of scholars. Accordingly, the contract that occurred without a guardian is invalid. Its rectification is by renewing the contract through your guardian. If your father prevents you from marrying a suitable man, you have the right to refer the matter to the judge to marry you off or order your guardian to marry you off.