Is it permissible for one to cash a check themselves from the bank against a debt owed to them by the check's issuer?

There is no harm in cashing a check from a usurious bank because that is not consuming usury, nor appointing someone to do so, nor assisting in it. Rather, it is like being referred to a usurer to collect a debt. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and his Companions dealt with Jews, who consumed usury, in buying and selling and other matters that were not sinful. Among these instances was the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, buying food from a Jew and pawning his shield.