What is the ruling on the condition that stipulates the payment of an insurance sum equivalent to half the examination fee, which is returned to the student if he passes the examination within one year, otherwise it is not returned? And is it permissible to benefit from the refunded money after passing the examination?

There is no Sharia (definition) impediment to paying half the cost of an Amazon (AWS) certificate to obtain it, if the grant waives the full cost on condition that half the amount is paid to ensure seriousness, and then the paid amount is refunded upon success. This can be interpreted as a reduced fee (2500) combined with a conditional gift contingent on success. Suspending a gift on a condition is permissible according to some scholars, and this was the chosen opinion of Sheikh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah and his student Ibn al-Qayyim, who cited Prophetic traditions as evidence. Therefore, there is no harm in reclaiming the money and benefiting from it.