Am I entitled to take my share of the partnership after having relinquished it without compensation, and would taking the money negate their procrastination concerning my right before God?

If you relinquish your right and waive it willingly, it does not return, and you cannot claim it; because "what is relinquished does not return." An example of this is waiving a debt from the debtor. However, there is no harm if your partners wish to donate some of their money to you. As for their procrastination in dissolving the partnership, they might have an excuse. If there is no excuse, then it is not permissible; because a partnership is based on permissibility unless its dissolution causes harm to a partner. If injustice has occurred, then either you forgive them, or it remains.