Is it permissible to travel to the university a few minutes before the mosque's call to prayer, knowing that this will cause one to miss congregational prayer at the mosque, but the time for prayer will not expire, allowing it to be performed at the university?

Traveling before the prayer time begins is permissible by scholarly consensus. Congregational prayer in the mosque is not obligatory according to the majority of scholars. As long as a Muslim prays in congregation within the prescribed time, there is no sin upon him. There are also excuses that waive the obligation of congregational prayer.